Phase Design

Design phase are the phases of change is still a concept needs to system specifications are nil. Stages of system design can be divided into two stages, namely the logical design (logical design) and the stages of physical design (physical design). As for differences, and both can be described as follows:

Logical design
Logical design is the design phase of the SDLC and where all the functional features and analysis phases of the system chosen and described separately and later on the computer platform used.

Results and these phases are:
a. Functional description of the data and processes that exist in the new system.
b. A detailed description and specification of systems, including:

• Input (what data is to be input).
• Output (what information is being output).
• Process (what are the procedures that should be executed to transform inputs into outputs).

Logical design phase usually produces several documents, including document data model, process model document, the draft table, hierarchy between modules, to interface design and systems that will be created.

Physical design
In this section, the logical specification is converted into the detail of technology where programming and system development can be resolved. At this stage the activity and the coding is done The output of this system are:

a. Technical description, the choice of software technology and hardware used.
b. A detailed description and specification of the system include:

• Program modules
• The files
• Network Systems
• System software

At the design stage, there are some major activities carried out, namely:

1. Design and integrate the network.
2. Designing the application architecture.
3. Designing the user interface.
4. Designing the system interface.
5. Designing and integrating the database.
6. Create a prototype for detail and design.
7. Designing and integrating the control system.

Phase Analysis

The third phase of the SDLC is the phase Analysis. The phase Analysis is the phase at which the system being studied and the system running the proposed replacement. System described in this stage running, problems, and opportunities are defined, and general recommendations for how to improve, enhance or replace the proposed system is running. The main objective and the analysis phase is to understand and document business needs and requirements of new systems and processes. There are six main activities in this phase:

1. Collection of information
The initial step in the analysis stage is to collect information about how the business processes that exist in the old system running. Then determined at points where any business process that has the problem that can be solved by information systems. And weaknesses are identified and repaired old systems with new systems.

2. Defining the system requirements
And weaknesses of information systems is obtained, then the system analysts to define what is actually needed by the old system to overcome the problem. This is what is referred to as system requirements. Often these needs will change the total overall business processes on the old system, but sometimes it just changes the addition of several new procedures.

3. Prioritize needs
In some cases, the need to obtain a very complete and complex. Availability of time and other resources to complete the whole requirement may not be sufficient. In this condition, then the analyst will prioritize the needs that are considered critical to be prioritized.

3. Develop and evaluate alternatives
One thing that analysts should not be forgotten is the second plan. After arranging and prioritizing needs, the analyst must prepare an alternative arrangement in case the need will be rejected by the client.

4. Review needs with management
The final step is to review existing requirements with the client, because the client the most out of their system needs.

Project Initiation and Planning

In this stage, potential Information System (IS) projects are described and presented arguments for continuing the project. Thorough work plan is also prepared to run the other stages. At this stage it is determined in detail the work plan that should be done, the required duration of each stage, human resources, software, hardware, and financial estimates. Usually those things outlined in the project implementation schedule. Preparation of planning because it is not easy steps to estimate the workload and duration of each stage and takes a fair amount of experience. Errors at this stage will not result in maximum profits, even losses. At this stage the role of an experienced manager of information systems is needed.